Another item to add to your list would be a firm trying to maximize total revenue. I firm like Intel, which seems to have a corner on processor production, is still bound by the intention to maximize revenue. So if they limit production to raise prices, and earn a higher profit margin, investors will come knocking. They will want to invest in this firm that is laying golden eggs. But investors want to be rewarded. They want as high a return as possible. Just look at Henry Ford’s partners back when he was starting Ford Motor Company. So high yields will draw in the investors, and the only way to satisfy them will be to increase production and lower prices as a result, maximizing total revenue, increasing P/E ratio.

I think there may be a slight confusion on where the coercion lies. The Civil Rights Acts may only be acted upon if a clear prejudice is verifiable that a person refuses to hire persons based on a qualifying factor such as race or gender. The attempt to bring balance is from such measures as affirmative action, which is the governments attempts to quicken the pace of bringing equality to those our society and government forcefully oppressed and therefore have not been afforded the same opportunities as the ruling majority.

The system is not perfect, and in fact affirmative action often helps those minorities already from well off families as opposed to inner city children and those of the destitute poor who have no real means of reaching their full potential with societal and economic conditions stifling possibilities the rest of us are able to take for granted…. See More

Or such is my opinion, though I could be wrong.

Title VII actually does not cover Affirmative Action which is only applicable to government contractors or businesses that receive a large amount of federal money. If you want to work for the government then you have to follow the government’s rule….not really a pressing concern. As to your other points, if you read my article on Corporatism you will see that I do not agree with corporate law or granting artificial person hood to a company or business, since I see corporations as part of the political/government establishment they also are not my concern. The law applies to any “employer” that has more than 15 employees not to a “business.” A business is not capable of action. A business can not hire, fire, discriminate, or be punished, only individuals can. What are the prejudices of a business that will motivate it to discriminate….it has no mind or heart, only the individual(s) who own, manage, or operate a business are susceptible to these moral flaws. Besides corporations, which again I do not recognize as legitimate, no business owns property because it is property itself. Therefore, it is a person being compelled to release their property to those not of their choosing.